| セッション情報 |
特別講演3
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| タイトル |
SL-3：The Gut-Brain Axis and the internal environment；Role of commensal microbes and implications for functional GI disorders
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| 演者 |
Collins Stephen M.（Farncombe Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada） |
| 共同演者 |
Palma Giada De（Farncombe Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada）, Bercik Premsyl（Farncombe Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada） |
| 抄録 |
The resident intestinal microbial community known as the microbiota, constitute a critically important internal environment that influences host function in health and disease. The gut-brain axis（GBA）is a bidirectional communication system that monitors and modulates gut function and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of functional intestinal disorders such as the Irritable Bowel Syndrome（IBS）. There is emerging evidence that the GBA is influenced by the intestinal microbiota in a bi-directional manner. For example, stress and or anxiety-depression influence the microbial composition of the gut and the microbial composition of the gut influences stress responses and associated behaviors. Examples of this exist in animals and man but the murine model of early life maternal separation has provided the best example of the bidirectional integration of the microbiota into the GBA and will be discussed. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that the microbial composition of the gut is both abnormal and unstable in most IBS patients but it is not known whether these changes are a consequence or a cause of changes in the GBA that characterize IBS. In favor of a causal relationship is the fact that known triggers of onset or relapse of IBS, such as infection or antibiotic exposure, are also known to destabilize the microbiota. In addition, selected probiotics may improve symptoms in IBS. Recently we have provided more direct evidence of a causal relationship by colonizing germ free mice with microbiota from IBS patients and observing the expression of gut and brain changes reminiscent of IBS and these will be discussed. These findings suggest that integration of the internal microbial environment and the GBA contribute to the expression of functional GI disorders. |
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